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What are the chemical properties of Potassium Titanium (4 +) Fluoride (2:1:6)
Potassium-titanium (tetravalent) fluoride (2:1:6), its scientific name is potassium hexafluorotitanate, and the chemical formula is $K_ {2} TiF_ {6} $. This substance is a white or colorless crystalline powder, slightly soluble in cold water, soluble in hot water, insoluble in ethanol.
Its chemical properties are quite unique. In case of strong acid, hydrogen fluoride will be decomposed and released. If it reacts with hydrochloric acid, it will form hydrogen fluoride gas, potassium chloride and titanium chloride. At high temperatures, potassium hexafluorotitanate will decompose to form potassium fluoride, titanium tetrafluoride and other products. In addition, it can also undergo metathesis with some metal salts to form new fluoride precipitates. For example, when reacted with silver nitrate solution, silver hexafluorotitanate will form a precipitate.
Potassium hexafluorotitanate is used in many fields. In the metallurgical industry, it is often used as a source of titanium for the refining of titanium metal, which can effectively reduce the smelting temperature of titanium and improve production efficiency. In the ceramic industry, the addition of potassium hexafluorotitanate can improve the properties of ceramics, such as enhancing their hardness and wear resistance, while optimizing the sintering properties of ceramics. In the electronics industry, it can be used to prepare electronic components, such as semiconductor materials, which play an important role in improving the performance of components.
What are the physical properties of Potassium Titanium (4 +) Fluoride (2:1:6)
Potassium titanium (4 +) fluoride (2:1:6), namely potassium hexafluorotitanate ($K_ {2} TiF_ {6} $), is an important inorganic compound. This substance is in the state of white crystalline powder and is quite stable at room temperature and pressure.
In terms of its physical properties, potassium hexafluorotitanate has a high melting point, about 780 ° C. Due to its strong ionic bonding force, more energy is required to melt it. Its density is about 3.012g/³ cm, which is higher than that of common water.
In terms of solubility, potassium hexafluorotitanate is slightly soluble in cold water and slightly more soluble in hot water. This property is due to the interaction between its ionic structure and water molecules. In water, its ions can be partially dissociated. In hot water, the thermal motion of the molecules intensifies, and the interaction between ions and water molecules is easier, so the solubility is slightly increased.
In addition, the crystal structure of potassium hexafluorotitanate belongs to a cubic crystal system with unique crystal cell parameters. This structure has a great impact on its physical properties, such as stability and density. And its appearance is white and pure, without special odor, laying the foundation for its application in many fields, such as metal surface treatment, ceramic coloring, etc., which is closely related to its unique physical properties.
Potassium Titanium (4 +) Fluoride (2:1:6) application fields
Potassium fluorotitanate (tetravalent) fluoride (2:1:6) is also known as potassium fluorotitanate ($K_ {2} TiF_ {6} $). It has a wide range of uses and is used in various industrial fields.
In the metallurgical field, this compound is often used as a flux for aluminum and aluminum alloys. Potassium fluorotitanate can reduce the surface tension of molten aluminum, improve its fluidity, make the casting process smoother, and can refine the grains and enhance the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys. When casting aluminum alloys, adding an appropriate amount of potassium fluorotitanate can significantly improve the quality of the casting, and its strength and toughness can be enhanced, and defects can be reduced.
In the field of welding, potassium fluorotitanate is also an important flux component. It can effectively remove oxides on metal surfaces, promote the wetting and bonding of solder and base metal during welding, improve welding quality, and make welding joints firmer. When brazing aluminum alloys, potassium fluorotitanate can ensure that the solder is evenly spread, forming a good joint, and ensuring the sealing and strength of the welding part.
Furthermore, potassium fluorotitanate also has its uses in the preparation of materials such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD). It can be used as a titanium source to decompose titanium atoms under specific conditions, participate in chemical reactions, and then deposit titanium-based films or coatings with specific properties on the surface of the substrate material, such as for the preparation of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coatings, to improve the service life and performance of the material.
In addition, in some special glass manufacturing, potassium fluorotitanate can be used as an additive. It can adjust the chemical composition and properties of the glass, improve the optical properties, thermal stability and mechanical strength of the glass. For example, in some optical glass preparation, adding an appropriate amount of potassium fluorotitanate can optimize the refractive index and dispersion properties of the glass, meeting the special needs of optical instruments.
What is the preparation method of Potassium Titanium (4 +) Fluoride (2:1:6)
To prepare potassium-titanium (tetravalent) fluoride (2:1:6), the method is as follows:
Prepare a titanium source, such as titanium tetrachloride, which is a common and highly reactive raw material. In a clean and dry reaction vessel, place an appropriate amount of titanium tetrachloride. Due to its corrosive and volatile nature, the operation must be in a well-ventilated environment and protective measures must be taken.
Take potassium fluoride as the source of fluorine and potassium. Potassium fluoride needs to be pure to maintain the purity of the product. According to the stoichiometric ratio of potassium-titanium fluoride (2:1:6), accurately weigh the appropriate amount of potassium fluoride.
Add potassium fluoride slowly into the reaction vessel containing titanium tetrachloride. The process needs to be stirred to make the two fully contact and accelerate the reaction. In this reaction or thermogenesis, attention should be paid to controlling the reaction temperature to prevent side reactions from occurring due to excessive temperature. Generally, a cold water bath or other temperature control device can be used to maintain a suitable reaction temperature.
After the reaction is completed, the product may be in a solution state or containing solid precipitation. If it is a solution, the product can be precipitated by evaporating the solvent. The temperature during evaporation should not be too high to avoid the decomposition of the product. When the solid is precipitated, separate the solid from the liquid by filtration to obtain a coarse product.
In order to improve the purity of the product, recrystallize the coarse product. Choose a suitable solvent to dissolve the coarse product, heat it to a near boil, and filter it hot to remove insoluble impurities. The filtrate cools and the product recrystallizes and precipitates. After filtration, washing and drying, pure potassium-titanium (tetravalent) fluoride (2:1:6) can be obtained. Throughout the operation, strict weighing of raw materials, control of reaction conditions and separation and purification steps are required to obtain high-quality products.
Potassium Titanium (4 +) Fluoride (2:1:6) What are the precautions during use
When using potassium titanium (tetravalent) fluoride (2:1:6), all the precautions should not be ignored.
Bearing the brunt, this material is chemically active. When storing, be sure to choose a dry, cool and well-ventilated place. Cover moisture and high temperature, which can cause its properties to change and affect its effectiveness. If placed in a humid place, it is afraid of chemical reactions, causing the composition to change and lose its original effect.
Furthermore, when using, protective gear is indispensable. Wear protective clothing, protective gloves and goggles. Because it may be irritating to the skin, eyes and respiratory tract. If you accidentally touch it, quickly rinse with a large amount of water and seek medical treatment according to the severity of the injury.
Repeat, during the operation, it is essential to precisely control the dosage. The reaction characteristics of this compound may vary depending on the dosage. If the dosage is too much, or the reaction is excessive, causing an accident; if the dosage is too small, it will be difficult to achieve the desired effect.
Also, after use, properly dispose of the residue. Do not discard it at will to prevent pollution of the environment. It should be treated harmlessly in accordance with relevant regulations to ensure that it does not endanger the natural ecology.
In addition, when mixed with other chemicals, it is necessary to understand the reaction characteristics of the two in detail. A slight carelessness, or a violent reaction, endangers safety. Therefore, before mixing, it is advisable to check the information or conduct a small test to confirm that it is safe.
In general, the use of potassium-titanium (tetravalent) fluoride (2:1:6) should be handled with caution in storage, protection, dosage, handling and mixing to ensure safety and effectiveness.