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What are the main uses of compressed phosphorus pentafluoride?
Phosphorus pentachloride, what are its main uses?
Phosphorus pentachloride is an important chemical and has many uses. First, in the field of synthesis, it is often used as a chlorine. For example, in the process of acetyl chloride extraction, phosphorus pentachloride can be used for the biochemical reaction of carboxylic acids, and the carboxyl group can be used for the chlorine group. In this process, phosphorus pentachloride provides chlorine atoms, which can help to synthesize many compounds, and can be used for manufacturing materials, flavors, and other products.
Furthermore, phosphorus pentachloride is also very important in the production of phosphorus compounds. It can be used as a raw material to generate other phosphorus-containing compounds. Taking a phosphate ester compound as an example, phosphorus pentachloride is reacted to an alcohol compound in a series of steps to generate a phosphate ester with specific properties. This phosphate ester is widely used in the production of plasticizers, flame retardants, and other industrial products. Plasticizing can improve the plasticity and flexibility of plastics, and flame retardant can increase the fire resistance of materials.
In addition, in some catalytic reaction systems, phosphorus pentachloride can be used as a catalytic catalyst or a catalytic aid. Its presence can change the activation energy of the reaction, accelerate the reaction rate, so that the original reaction can be generated in a row or a row, and improve the efficiency of the reaction. It is of great significance to increase the cost control of chemical production.
Therefore, phosphorus pentachloride plays an indispensable role in many aspects such as chemical synthesis, phosphorus compound fabrication, and catalytic reaction because it can provide chlorine atoms and specific reaction properties.
What are the precautions for storing and transporting compressed phosphorus pentafluoride?
Phosphorus pentachloride under pressure should be stored for a long time, and it is necessary to pay attention to the situation. Phosphorus pentachloride is active and corrosive. It will react violently in contact with water, and chlorine and other harmful substances will be produced. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent moisture.
For storage, it is appropriate to store in a dry, well-connected and well-equipped room, and to prevent fire and energy sources. The temperature should not exceed 30 ° C, and the phase should not exceed 80%. Store the raw material, active gold powder, alcohol and other substances separately, and do not mix. There are complex materials to contain leaks.
The container must be kept from leaking, not collapsing, not falling, and not breaking. Fire equipment and leakage emergency management should be ensured when matching the quantity of phase products. This is the best way to clean up the dryness. On the way, it is necessary to prevent exposure, rain, and height. Highway roads should be traveled according to the designated road, and do not stay in residential and densely populated areas. Road roads should be prohibited from slipping away.
Workers also need to take preventive measures, such as wearing anti-wear clothing, gloves, masks, etc., to avoid personal damage caused by exposure. In addition, when phosphorus pentachloride is stored or stored, it is necessary to follow the relevant requirements. There must be no slack in order to ensure the safety of people. The environment is not polluted.
What are the hazards of compressed phosphorus pentafluoride to the human body?
The compressed phosphorus pentoxide is very harmful to the human body. Phosphorus pentoxide is a highly corrosive acidic oxide. Once it comes into contact with human skin and mucous membranes, its harm will appear.
If you accidentally touch the dust, the skin will suddenly feel severe pain, immediately redness, blistering, and even the skin will fester, and the wound will not heal quickly. This is all due to its strong corrosive nature and damage to the skin. As for the eyes, you must be especially careful. Dust entering the eyes will cause burns to the eyes, which can cause redness, swelling, tingling, and tearing. It can damage vision, or even blindness. The damage to the eye tissue is serious.
If you inhale such dust, it is especially harmful. At first, it irritates the respiratory tract, causing coughing, asthma, chest tightness and difficulty to relieve, which can then cause damage to the mucosa of the respiratory tract, and induce bronchitis, pneumonia and other diseases. Long-term inhalation, lung function is also severely damaged, pulmonary fibrosis may be entangled, and breathing becomes difficult, seriously affecting life and health.
When eaten by mistake, the harm is even worse. Phosphorus pentoxide enters the stomach, that is, it combines with the water in the gastric juice to produce strong acids such as phosphoric acid, corrodes the digestive tract, causes severe pain in the mouth, throat, esophagus and stomach, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and other diseases, and even perforates the digestive tract, endangering life.
From this perspective, compressed phosphorus pentoxide poses great harm to human skin, eyes, respiratory and digestive systems. In daily contact, extreme caution should be taken to prevent unexpected disasters.
How to deal with emergency leakage of compressed phosphorus pentafluoride
In case of leakage of compressed phosphorus pentasulfide, emergency treatment should be carried out according to the following methods:
First, organize personnel to evacuate the leakage contaminated area quickly, go to a safe place, and isolate them to strictly restrict personnel access. Emergency personnel need to wear self-priming filter dust masks, wear anti-acid and alkali work clothes, and must not directly contact the leakage.
If there is a small amount of leakage, use a clean shovel to collect the leakage in a dry, clean, covered container. You can also use a large amount of water to rinse, dilute the rinse water and discharge it into the wastewater system.
If there is a large amount of leakage, a dike should be built or a pit should be dug for containment. Cover with foam to reduce steam disasters. Then transfer it to a tanker or a special collector with a pump, recycle it or transport it to a waste treatment site for disposal.
During the disposal process, pay attention to avoid dust, sweep it up carefully, put it in a bag and transfer it to a safe place. If there is a fire, because phosphorus pentasulfide encounters an open flame, hot topic is very easy to burn, and can react strongly with oxidants, and the hot topic decomposes and emits toxic gases. Therefore, carbon dioxide, dry powder, and sand should be used when extinguishing the fire, and no water should be used. At the same time, people should be evacuated upwind in time to prevent toxic gases from causing harm to the public. Relevant environmental protection departments should also be notified to monitor the surrounding environment and follow-up treatment to ensure that the harm of this leakage accident is minimized.
What are the physical and chemical properties of compressed phosphorus pentafluoride?
Compressed phosphorus pentachloride is a chemical substance with many physical and chemical properties. Its color is yellow-white, in a powder or lump state, it is easily deliquescent in the air, and it emits a pungent smell.
When it comes to the melting point, phosphorus pentachloride is about 160.5 ° C, and its boiling point is 160 ° C. (sublimation). Its density is quite high, which is heavier than that of ordinary substances. This is due to the tight arrangement of molecules, resulting in an increase in mass per unit volume.
Phosphorus pentachloride is chemically active, and reacts violently in contact with water, like water and fire. When it interacts with water, it rapidly decomposes to form phosphoric acid and hydrogen chloride. This reaction is intense, often accompanied by the appearance of smoke rising, like a dragon walking through a cloud. Its chemical reaction formula is: $PCl_ {5} + 4H_ {2} O = H_ {3} PO_ {4} + 5HCl $.
Furthermore, phosphorus pentachloride is a strong Lewis acid, which can react with many Lewis bases to form adducts. This property makes it used as a chlorination agent and catalyst in the field of organic synthesis. For example, in a specific organic reaction, phosphorus pentachloride can convert hydroxyl groups into chlorine atoms, helping the reaction to proceed smoothly, just like paving the way for chemical reactions.
In addition, phosphorus pentachloride is easily decomposed when heated, and when the temperature rises, it will decompose into phosphorus trichloride and chlorine gas. This decomposition reaction is like a metamorphosis of a substance. At high temperatures, phosphorus pentachloride breaks the original structure and generates new substances. The reaction formula is: $PCl_ {5}\ stackrel {\ Delta }{=\!=\!=} PCl_ {3} + Cl_ {2} $.
Because of its corrosive and toxic properties, it is necessary to use and store phosphorus pentachloride with caution. It should be properly sealed and stored to avoid contact with water and air, and the user should be equipped with protective equipment to prevent inadvertent contact and endanger their own safety. The operation should also be well ventilated to disperse harmful gases that may escape and ensure the safety of the environment.
