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What are the main uses of Industrial Sodium Fluoride?
Industrial Sodium Fluoride, or industrial sodium fluoride, is widely used.
First, in the metallurgical industry, its efficacy is significant. It can be used as a flux, which can reduce the melting point of ore during metal smelting, making it easier for metals to separate from ore, thus improving smelting efficiency and reducing energy consumption. In the aluminum electrolysis process, the addition of industrial sodium fluoride can optimize the physical and chemical properties of the electrolyte, help the smooth electrolysis of aluminum, and make aluminum production more efficient.
Second, in the chemical industry, it has various uses. It is a key raw material for the preparation of other fluorinated compounds. Many fluorinated pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and fluoroplastics are synthesized with industrial sodium fluoride as the starting reactant. Due to its fluoride-containing properties, it can give these compounds special properties, such as pesticides that can enhance the insecticidal effect, medicines play a unique role in the treatment of specific diseases, and fluoroplastics have excellent chemical stability and heat resistance.
Third, in terms of wood preservation, industrial sodium fluoride performs well. Treated on the surface of wood, it can penetrate into the interior of the wood, inhibit the erosion of microorganisms and insects, and effectively prolong the service life of wood. Whether it is building wood or outdoor wood facilities, it can be durable after this treatment.
Fourth, in the ceramic and glass industries, it is also indispensable. Adding it to ceramic glazes can improve the glaze properties, make the surface of ceramic products smoother and brighter, and at the same time improve the hardness and wear resistance of ceramics. In glass manufacturing, it can adjust the melting point and viscosity of glass, control the crystallization process of glass, and produce glass with different properties, such as optical glass and heat-resistant glass.
What are the Physical and Chemical Properties of Industrial Sodium Fluoride
Industrial sodium fluoride, its physical and chemical properties are as follows:
Industrial sodium fluoride is a white crystalline powder with a salty taste. Its melting point is quite high, about 993 ° C. This property allows it to maintain a relatively stable solid structure in high temperature environments. The boiling point can reach 1704 ° C, and it will vaporize into a gaseous state at high temperatures.
Industrial sodium fluoride is slightly soluble in water, and its solubility is affected by temperature. Generally speaking, when the temperature increases, the solubility increases slightly. After dissolving in water, its aqueous solution is alkaline. This is due to the hydrolysis reaction of sodium fluoride in water. Fluoride ions combine with hydrogen ions ionized by water to form hydrofluoric acid, which makes the concentration of hydroxide ions in the solution relatively high, thus showing alkalinity.
Industrial sodium fluoride is insoluble in alcohol and can remain solid insoluble in organic alcohol solvents.
Its density is 2.558 g/cm ³, and it has a certain mass density, which makes it occupy a relatively stable space during storage and transportation.
Industrial sodium fluoride is toxic and harmful to human health. If inhaled inadvertently, it may irritate the respiratory tract, causing symptoms such as cough and breathing difficulties; if exposed to the skin, it may cause skin irritation and burns; if ingested by mistake, it will cause serious damage to the digestive system and even endanger life.
In chemical reactions, industrial sodium fluoride can participate in many reactions as a fluorine source. Because it contains fluoride ions, it can react with a variety of metal ions to generate corresponding metal fluoride precipitation, which is used for the separation and purification of specific metal ions in chemical production.
What are the precautions for using Industrial Sodium Fluoride?
Industrial Sodium Fluoride is a highly toxic substance. When using it, be sure to pay attention to many matters.
Bear the brunt of the first, and do not slack off in protection. You must wear special protective clothing, which can resist its poison and prevent your skin from contacting it. You must also wear a gas mask, which can filter the poison in the air, keep your breathing smooth, and prevent inhalation of poisonous gas and damage to your lungs. In addition, goggles are also indispensable, which can prevent it from splashing into your eyes and hurting your eyes.
Secondly, when operating, you must be in a well-ventilated place. In this way, the poisonous gas can dissipate quickly and do not gather in the room, so as not to be poisoned by the operator. And the operation process needs to be rigorous and meticulous, handle it with care, and do not spill Industrial Sodium Fluoride. If there is a spill, do not panic, and quickly clean it up according to specific methods. First collect it with tools, and then treat the residue with special reagents to ensure that there is no residual poison.
Furthermore, storage is also exquisite. It needs to be placed in a dry, cool and ventilated place, away from fire and heat sources. Due to its special nature, it is dangerous in case of heat or open flame. And it should be placed separately from other chemicals, especially with acidic substances, to prevent chemical reactions and highly toxic gases.
In addition, those who use Industrial Sodium Fluoride must have professional training and be familiar with its characteristics, hazards and countermeasures. Daily drills are also necessary. In case of emergencies, you can calmly deal with them and keep yourself and others safe. After the operation, be sure to wash your hands and exposed skin, and change your clothes to prevent toxic gas residues. In this way, you can ensure the safety of using Industrial Sodium Fluoride.
What is the production process of Industrial Sodium Fluoride?
The production process of industrial sodium fluoride is slightly different from the ancient method and the current method.
In the past, fluorite and soda ash were mostly used as the starting materials. First, the stone is strong and often green or purple in color. It is finely ground into powder, and then mixed with soda ash in proportion. The mixture is placed in a high-temperature kiln, and the fire in the kiln is hot, and the temperature can reach more than 1,000 degrees. The two then react. Sodium in soda ash combines with fluorine in crystallite to produce sodium fluoride, and carbon dioxide escapes at the same time. In this process, the control of the heat is crucial. If the fire is too strong, the product may decompose; if the fire is insufficient, the reaction is difficult. After the reaction is completed, the product can be cooled and ground to obtain industrial sodium fluoride.
Today's methods mostly use hydrofluoric acid and sodium hydroxide as raw materials. Hydrofluoric acid is highly corrosive, and sodium hydroxide is also a strong base, both of which need to be handled with caution. First take an appropriate amount of hydrofluoric acid in a special container, and then slowly add sodium hydroxide solution. This reaction is violent and heats up, and a cooling device needs to be used to control the temperature to prevent it from overheating. Neutralize the two, and sodium ions combine with fluoride ions, that is, sodium fluoride is produced. Afterwards, through evaporation and concentration, the concentration of sodium fluoride in the solution gradually increases, until it reaches a supersaturated state, and sodium fluoride can be precipitated at the bottom of the device. After centrifugation, drying and other steps, high-purity industrial sodium fluoride can be obtained. This method is more pure than the ancient method, but the raw materials are highly toxic and the operation requirements are strict.
What are the Environmental Effects of Industrial Sodium Fluorides?
The impact of industrial sodium fluoride on the environment is quite complex. This is a fluoride-containing compound that plays a role in many aspects of the environment.
The first to bear the brunt is in water bodies. If industrial sodium fluoride accidentally flows into rivers, lakes and seas, fluoride ions will dissolve into the water. If the concentration of fluoride ions in the water is too high, it will have a great impact on aquatic organisms. Aquatic animals such as fish have been in water bodies containing high concentrations of fluoride ions for a long time, and their gill tissues, bones, etc. may be damaged, affecting their normal growth and reproduction. And high-fluoride water is also not suitable for human consumption. If people drink such water for a long time, they are prone to diseases such as fluorosis and fluorosis.
Furthermore, in the soil environment, if industrial sodium fluoride enters the soil, it will change the physical and chemical properties of the soil. Fluoride ions or combine with many metal ions in the soil to affect the availability of nutrients in the soil, which in turn affects the absorption of nutrients by plants. If plant roots come into contact with soil containing high concentrations of sodium fluoride, their growth and development may be inhibited, and the plants may be short, yellowing leaves, and reduced yield.
The atmospheric environment is also affected by it. If industrial sodium fluoride is discharged into the atmosphere in the form of dust or gas during industrial production, it will cause pollution to air quality. Sodium fluoride dust is inhaled by the human body, which will harm human respiratory tract and other organs. And fluoride in the atmosphere settles to the ground, which will have secondary effects on soil and vegetation.
In short, industrial sodium fluoride is transported and transformed in the environment, through water, soil, atmosphere and other channels, and has many negative effects on the ecosystem and human health. Therefore, in industrial production and use, it is essential to properly handle and control it to prevent serious damage to the environment.