4-Methylbenzenesulfonyl Fluoride

4 - Methylbenzenesulfonyl Fluoride, Chinese name 4 - methylbenzenesulfonyl fluoride, is of great importance in the chemical field. It is a compound, often PMSF.
PMSF is an irreversible protease inhibitor, and the outer layer is mostly white crystalline. In the chemical reaction, it can generate a sulfonylated derivative from the sulfonylated group on the sulfonyl group in the active center of the enzyme, thereby inactivating the enzyme.
In the biological chamber, PMSF is widely used. For example, in the protein extraction process, PMSF is often added to the extraction solution to prevent the degradation of proteolytic enzymes. Because it can inhibit polyproteinases, such as trypsin, pancreatic coagulase, etc., it can effectively maintain the integrity of the protein and ensure the safety of the product.
However, the use of PMSF requires extra caution. This compound is highly toxic. If it is accidentally exposed to the skin, eyes or inhalation of its powder or steam, it may cause serious harm to people. Therefore, those who operate it must follow the safety procedures, wear suitable anti-toxins, such as gloves, eyes, gas masks, etc., and the operation should be carried out in good condition or in good condition. Once it is accidentally connected, it needs to be washed with a large amount of water immediately, and it can be treated immediately. Therefore, 4 - Methylbenzenesulfonyl Fluoride characteristics and safety are well known, and it is important to improve the phase and biological work.

4 - Methylbenzenesulfonyl Fluoride, or p-methylbenzenesulfonyl fluoride, has its main uses in various fields.
In the field of biochemical research, it is a key member of protease inhibitors. Proteases perform protein hydrolysis in organisms. If their activity is out of control, many physiological processes will be disrupted. P-methylbenzenesulfonyl fluoride can be tightly bound to the serine residue at the checkpoint of protease activity, and is firmly connected by covalent bonds, so that the structure and function of the protease activity center are destroyed and the activity is inhibited. This can effectively regulate the rate and process of protein hydrolysis in organisms and maintain physiological balance.
In the field of organic synthesis, this substance is a valuable reagent. Due to its sulfonyl fluoride group, it has high reactivity and can participate in many organic reactions. For example, nucleophilic substitution reactions with nucleophiles such as alcohols and amines form new carbon-sulfur bonds or sulfur-heteroatomic bonds, and then construct organic compounds with diverse structures, providing a powerful tool for organic synthesis chemists to create novel compound molecules and expanding the boundaries of organic synthesis.
In the field of pharmaceutical research and development, p-methylbenzenesulfonyl fluoride also plays an important role. In view of its inhibitory properties on proteases, it can be used to develop drugs for the treatment of protease-related diseases. Such as some inflammatory diseases and tumor metastasis process, the activity of specific protein enzymes is abnormally increased, and the inhibitors developed based on this substance are expected to become effective drugs for the treatment of these diseases, providing new ideas and directions for the medical community to conquer such diseases.
In the field of materials science, it can be used as a modifier. Added to a specific material system, sulfonyl fluoride groups can react with active groups on the surface or inside the material, changing the surface properties, chemical stability and mechanical properties of the material. For example, when applied to polymer materials, it can enhance the chemical corrosion resistance of materials, improve the service life and properties of materials, and inject new vitality into the development of materials science.

4-Methylbenzenesulfonyl fluoride, commonly known as PMSF, is a protease inhibitor commonly used in biochemical experiments. During its use, be sure to pay attention to the following things:
First, toxicity is the key. PMSF is highly toxic and highly irritating, causing serious damage to the eyes, respiratory mucosa and skin. When operating, be sure to wear laboratory clothes, wear suitable gloves and goggles to prevent accidental contact. If the skin or eyes touch it, rinse with plenty of water immediately and seek medical attention quickly.
Second, stability. This substance is extremely unstable in aqueous solution and is prone to hydrolysis and inactivation. Therefore, it is appropriate to use it now. It is usually dissolved in anhydrous ethanol, isopropanol and other organic solvents to prepare a high-concentration mother liquor, stored in a low-temperature dry place, and then diluted as needed.
Third, the reaction conditions cannot be ignored. PMSF inhibits protease activity by binding to serine residues in the enzyme activity center. Its effect is affected by many factors, such as pH value, temperature, etc. Generally speaking, in a neutral to slightly alkaline environment, its inhibitory effect is quite good. During operation, the conditions of the reaction system need to be precisely controlled according to the specific experimental requirements.
Fourth, the concentration of use. Different proteases have different sensitivities to PMSF, and the appropriate concentration needs to be explored through pre-experiment before experiment. If the concentration is too low, it may not be able to effectively inhibit protease activity; if the concentration is too high, it may cause unnecessary interference to the experimental system.
Fifth, follow-up treatment. After the experiment is completed, the waste containing PMSF must be properly disposed of. Because it is toxic, it cannot be dumped at will, and it needs to be disposed of according to the toxic and harmful waste treatment process stipulated by the laboratory to prevent environmental pollution.

4-Methylbenzenesulfonyl fluoride, this substance is a chemical reagent, and its storage conditions are quite critical. It should be placed in a cool and dry place to avoid open flames and hot topics. Because of its flammability, in case of open flames, hot topics or contact with oxidants, there is a risk of combustion and explosion.
Furthermore, keep away from fires and heat sources, and the storage temperature should not exceed 30 ° C. It should be stored separately from oxidants and alkalis, and mixed storage should not be avoided. The storage area should be equipped with suitable materials to contain leaks. Because it is strongly irritating to the skin, eyes and respiratory tract, once it leaks, it may cause serious harm.
Be careful when taking and handling. Operators must be specially trained and strictly abide by the operating procedures. It is recommended that operators wear self-priming filter gas masks (full masks), tape gas suits, and rubber gloves. Handle lightly to prevent damage to packaging and containers.
These storage and operation methods are to ensure the safety of 4-methylbenzenesulfonyl fluoride storage and use, avoid accidents, and protect people and the environment.

4-Methylbenzenesulfonyl fluoride (4-Methylbenzenesulfonyl Fluoride, referred to as PMSF) is an important organic synthesis reagent, often used as a serine protease inhibitor, and has a wide range of uses in the fields of biochemistry and molecular biology. Its preparation method is as follows:
First, 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid is used as the starting material. Put 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid and phosphorus pentachloride ($PCl_5 $) into the reaction vessel in a specific ratio. This reaction needs to be carried out in an anhydrous and low temperature environment, generally at 0-5 ℃. The hydroxy group ($-OH $) in the sulfonic acid group is replaced by the chlorine atom ($-Cl $) to form 4-methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride. The reaction equation is: $CH_3C_6H_4SO_3H + PCl_5\ longrightarrow CH_3C_6H_4SO_2Cl + POCl_3 + HCl $. In this step, phosphorus pentachloride provides a chlorine source, and because it is easily hydrolyzed in water, the reaction environment must be anhydrous.
After 4-methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride is formed, it is then reacted with anhydrous potassium fluoride ($KF $). This reaction is often carried out in polar aprotic solvents, such as dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), etc. The temperature is controlled at 80-120 ℃. The chlorine atom in 4-methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride is replaced by the fluorine atom to obtain 4-methylbenzenesulfonyl fluoride. The reaction equation is: $CH_3C_6H_4SO_2Cl + KF\ longrightarrow CH_3C_6H_4SO_2F + KCl $. Due to the limited solubility of potassium fluoride in water, polar aprotic solvents can increase its solubility and promote the smooth progress of the reaction.
Second, toluene can also be used as the starting material. First, toluene is sulfonated with concentrated sulfuric acid. Toluene and concentrated sulfuric acid are mixed in a certain proportion and heated to 100-120 ℃. The para-methyl group on the benzene ring of toluene is sulfonated to form 4-methylbenzenesulfonate. The reaction equation is: $C_6H_5CH_3 + H_2SO_4\ longrightarrow CH_3C_6H_4SO_3H + H_2O $. In this reaction, concentrated sulfuric acid acts as both a sulfonating agent and a dehydrating agent.
The subsequent steps are the same as the method using 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid as raw material, that is, 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid is first converted to 4-methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride, and then converted to 4-methylbenzenesulfonyl fluoride.
When preparing 4-methylbenzenesulfonyl fluoride, the reaction conditions of each step need to be precisely controlled, the proportion of raw materials should also be appropriate, and the separation and purification steps such as distillation, extraction, and recrystallization are required after the reaction is completed to obtain